Introduction Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa, commonly known as bael or Bengal quince, is a medicinally and economically important species belonging to the family Rutaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and is widely distributed throughout South and Southeast Asia. The plant has been revered in traditional Indian systems of medicine for centuries and holds …
Introduction Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and antioxidant defense mechanisms, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic disorders, including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative conditions, and cancer [23;41] Excessive production of free radicals such as superoxide anions, hydroxyl radicals, and peroxyl radicals can induce lipid …
Introduction Hyperlipidemia is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins in the bloodstream. It is commonly referred to as hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipoproteinemia and represents a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Lipids, particularly triglycerides (TG), serve as important energy reserves and are either utilized immediately by the body or stored …
1. Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the most serious global public health threats of the twenty-first century. The extensive and uncontrolled use of antibiotics and antifungal drugs has accelerated the evolution of resistant microbial strains, reducing the effectiveness of existing therapeutic agents. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), multidrug-resistant pathogens …
1. Introduction Nanotechnology has revolutionized modern scientific research through the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale level, generally ranging between 1 and 100 nm. Nanomaterials possess unique physicochemical, optical, catalytic, electrical, and biological properties that differ significantly from their bulk counterparts due to their extremely small particle size and high surface-area-to-volume ratio. These distinctive characteristics …
Introduction Freshwater ecosystems play vital roles in sustaining domestic water supply, fisheries, irrigation, transportation, agriculture and biodiversity in many developing countries, including Nigeria. Rivers serve as important ecological and socioeconomic resources for surrounding communities; however, increasing anthropogenic pressure has significantly altered the hydrochemical quality of many aquatic systems. Rapid urbanisation, agricultural runoff, industrial discharge, domestic …
1.0 Introduction 1.1 Background of the Study Plants have historically served as rich reservoirs of biologically active compounds exhibiting broad therapeutic properties.MoringaoleiferaLam, known as drumstick tree or miracle tree, has attracted significant scientific research due to its rich reservoir of phytochemicals and broad spectrum antimicrobial. The plant is native to India and is widely cultivated …
Introduction: Since few decadesfreshwater aquatic ecosystems are facing the threat of harmful effects of synthetic pesticides which is creating a major problem to non-target organisms especially fish, which constitutes the major protein source for humans [1]. Much research has been done on plants for the production of environment safe pesticides that can be used both …
1.0 Background of Study Medicinal plants are a valuable reservoir of bioactive compounds with immense pharmaceutical relevance. Globally, more than 60% of therapeutic agents are directly or indirectly derived from natural sources, highlighting the importance of phytochemical research in drug discovery [1,2, 3]. Among the array of medicinal plants, Annona muricata (soursop) and Psidium guajava …
1. Introduction Benzodiazepines constitute an important class of heterocyclic compounds that have attracted considerable attention in medicinal chemistry owing to their broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. These compounds exhibit diverse biological properties, including anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypnotic, sedative, and anxiolytic effects, making them valuable therapeutic agents in modern medicine [1]. In addition to their pharmaceutical …
