INTRODUCTION Nanotechnology has transformed multiple sectors by enabling control of matter in the 1–100 nm range, where size-dependent properties yield unique optical, electronic, magnetic, and catalytic behaviours. Conventional nanoparticle synthesis…
1. Introduction Stress-related disorders and metabolic diseases have become major public health challenges worldwide. Modern lifestyles characterized by unhealthy dietary habits, sedentary behavior, sleep deprivation, environmental pollution, and psychological stress…
1. Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as one of the most serious global public health threats of the twenty-first century. The extensive and uncontrolled use of antibiotics and antifungal…
1. Introduction Nanotechnology has revolutionized modern scientific research through the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale level, generally ranging between 1 and 100 nm. Nanomaterials possess unique physicochemical, optical, catalytic,…
1. Introduction Environmental pollution has become one of the greatest scientific and technological challenges of the twenty-first century. Rapid industrial development, population growth, agricultural intensification, and increasing energy consumption have…
Introduction Infectious diseases remain a significant global health challenge, particularly in regions with inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services. Unsafe or poor WASH conditions account for approximately 1.4 million…
Introduction: Since the beginning of humanlife, thehypothesis of "drug"is people have utilisedmany plant species for curative causes. According to the WHO survey 80% of the peoplesbe located in developing countries…
1. Introduction: Randomness and the Mechanistic Model in Evolution In the neo-Darwinian framework of evolutionary biology, mutation is understood as a blind, spontaneous error in DNA replication, statistically distributed and…
INTRODUCTION The development of Sensor technology has been a key driver in advancing numerous Scientific and Industrial fields, from healthcare to Environmental monitoring. Electrochemical Biosensors are basic apparatus that convert…
INTRODUCTION The size and shape of metallic nanoparticles are the most crucial characteristics that influence their application. The specific uses of metallic nanoparticles depend on their size, shape, and the…