Introduction Water contamination due to heavy metals is a pressing environmental concern, impacting both groundwater and wastewater systems. Heavy metals such as copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), boron (B), and aluminum (Al) pose significant risks to human health and the ecosystem when present in excess concentrations. These metals …
Introduction Trace metal analysis is a crucial part of environmental pollution studies [4, 12, 16].Plants growing in contaminated environments can accumulate trace elements at high quantities, which poses a major risk to people, even though some trace metals are essential for plant nutrition [15]. The core source of trace metals to plants is the air …
Introduction Cyanobacteria are believed to be ubiquitous, inhabiting a broader range of environments than any other organism on Earth. They can thrive in varied environmental conditions, such as hot water springs, hypersaline areas, chilling climates, and deserts. Additionally, they are commonly found in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems [70,40]. One of the most remarkable features …
Introduction Sorghum bicolor, commonly known as ragi/finger millet, is nutritious cereal widely cultivated in semi-arid regions of Asia and Africa. Known for its resilience to harsh environmental conditions, ragi gained attention not only for rich nutritional profile but for its potential healthy benefits and an excellent source of proteins, dietary fiber, vitamins, and essential minerals …
