Abstract:

The present study is to evaluate compositions of phytochemicals, antioxidant potential,GC-MS profile of dried seeds and germinated sprouts of Sorghum bicolor, commonly known as ragi. Coarse powder from dried seeds and germinated seeds (24, 48, and 72 hours) extracted using 70% of ethanol. These extracts subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening and seven antioxidant assays. Analysis of phytochemicals revealed the presencefor bioactive molecules, that includes steroids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, volatile oils, alkaloids, across all germination stages and dried seeds. Quantitative estimation indicated higher concentrations of total flavonoids and tannins in dried seeds compared to germinated samples. Antioxidant evaluation through seven assays demonstrated that the dried seed extract exhibited the highest radical-scavenging potential. It showed the most effective DPPH quenching activity (IC₅₀: 246.65 μg/mL), followed by nitric oxide scavenging (IC₅₀: 260.9 μg/mL), lipid peroxidation inhibition (IC₅₀: 261.5 μg/mL), ABTS scavenging of (IC₅₀: 272.2 μg/mL), reducing power (IC₅₀: 273.9 μg/mL), hydroxyl radical scavenging (IC₅₀: 275.5 μg/mL), and metal chelation (IC₅₀: 484.7 μg/mL). Among all samples, the dried seed extract consistently exhibited superior antioxidant activity compared to germinated seed extracts. These findings suggest that Sorghum bicolor dried seeds possess significant phytochemical and antioxidant potential, making them a promising source for nutraceutical and therapeutic applications.